{"id":11004,"date":"2026-04-07T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/?p=11004"},"modified":"2026-04-01T15:35:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T14:35:34","slug":"ia-agentica-y-proteccion-de-datos-lo-que-debes-saber-segun-la-aepd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/ia-agentica-y-proteccion-de-datos-lo-que-debes-saber-segun-la-aepd\/","title":{"rendered":"Agentic AI and Data Protection"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Agentic AI Affects Data Processing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In February 2026, the Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD) published guidelines on agentic artificial intelligence, a technology that is gradually being incorporated into companies and public administrations. Its importance lies in the fact that it is not just a new tool, but a different way of carrying out personal data processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The guidelines do not aim to resolve specific cases, but to provide a framework for understanding what changes when processing relies on AI agents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Is an AI Agent?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The guidelines describe AI agents as systems that use language models to achieve objectives, adapting to their environment and acting according to circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike simpler systems, these do not merely respond to requests. They can organize tasks, break them down into stages, access different sources of information, and execute actions within digital systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In other words, these are not passive tools, but systems capable of actively intervening in organizational processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IImpact on Data Processing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the key points of the document is that the use of agentic AI can change how data processing is structured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When these systems are integrated, they may alter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the way operations are carried out<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the actual scope of the processing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the actors involved<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>and the associated risks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For this reason, their implementation requires a review of regulatory compliance, even in existing processing activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, agents may access both internal information and external sources, which may involve the use of personal data that was not initially foreseen..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Vulnerabilities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The guidelines emphasize that risks do not arise solely from language models, but from the interaction between multiple components. It is precisely this complexity that creates new vulnerabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the most relevant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Interaction with the environment:<\/strong> The agent may exchange information with external services, which can lead to loss of control over data if appropriate safeguards are not in place.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Integration of multiple services:<\/strong> The combined use of tools, APIs, and external models creates processing chains that are difficult to control.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>System memory:<\/strong> Memory is one of the most sensitive elements. It not only allows information to be stored to improve performance, but can also accumulate personal data persistently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The AEPD distinguishes between two key levels:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>functional memory (necessary for operation)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>management memory (logs and records)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Both may contain personal data and require differentiated handling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Autonomy in decision-making:<\/strong> The agent may decide how to act, what information to use, and what actions to execute. This raises particularly relevant issues when:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>decisions have significant effects <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>inappropriate data is used <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>or there is no effective human oversight<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk Assessment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most interesting aspects of the guidelines is their approach to risk. The AEPD highlights that agentic AI changes the nature of processing and therefore requires a specific analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a guiding tool, it refers to the so-called \u201crule of 2\u201d, which states that three elements should not occur simultaneously:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>access to uncontrolled information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>access to sensitive data without restrictions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the ability to execute automatic actions with real-world effects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Although this is a simplification, it serves as a warning to identify particularly risky configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the AEPD itself notes that the analysis must go further, incorporating factors such as data quality, the presence of bias, and compliance with the principle of data minimization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Data Protection Obligations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The use of these systems requires careful attention to several issues:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Determination of responsibilities:<\/strong> the number of actors increases and data flows become more complex<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transparency:<\/strong> it may be difficult to explain how decisions are made in multi-stage systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Data minimization:<\/strong> there is a risk of accessing more data than necessary \u201cby default\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Data subject rights:<\/strong> exercising them may become more complex if information is distributed across memories, logs, and external services<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommended Measures<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Rather than merely identifying risks, the guidelines propose a broad set of measures. Among the most relevant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>establishing specific governance for agentic systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>involving the Data Protection Officer (DPO) in their oversight<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>defining strict policies for data access and classification<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>compartmentalizing memory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ensuring traceability of decisions and actions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>implementing meaningful human oversight<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>controlling the degree of system autonomy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>and maintaining ongoing evaluations of system performance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>All of this is based on a key idea: <strong>data protection must be integrated by design<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion: A Risky Technology\u2026 and an Opportunity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Agentic AI introduces real risks, derived from its autonomy, its integration capacity, and its high technical complexity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, it can also become a powerful ally in strengthening data protection, provided that its implementation is carried out properly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The key lies in the approach: it is not just about using the technology, but about understanding it, controlling it, and defining the limits within which it should operate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because in this new scenario, the greatest risk is not artificial intelligence\u2026 but using it without understanding it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD) has published a 2026 guide on agentic AI. Discover what it is, its risks, the legal obligations involved, and its impact on the processing of personal data.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":11057,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,20,452,453,627,65,73],"tags":[437,438,488],"class_list":["post-11004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-privacy","category-proteccion-de-datos","category-ai-2","category-artificial-intelligence","category-privacidad-y-proteccion-de-datos-ue","category-ia","category-inteligencia-artificial","tag-ia","tag-inteligencia-artificial","tag-proteccion-de-datos"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11004"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11060,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004\/revisions\/11060"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawwwing.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}